Journal of Innovation in Teaching and Instructional Media
Journal of Innovation in Teaching and Instructional Media is a professional peer-reviewed journal published three times a year with E-ISSN: 2746-3583 and P-ISSN 2775-4537. Contributions are welcomed on any aspect of promoting and supporting innovation in teaching and instructional media in elementary, middle, higher, and other post-school education with an emphasis on research, experience, and evaluation. This journal accepts submissions written in English and Bahasa Indonesia. This journal can be a beneficial reading for all practitioners and decision-makers who want to stay informed about the education, teaching, learning, and instructional media developments and innovations.
Journal of Innovation in Teaching and Instructional Media is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. The author who submits the manuscript must understand and agree that the copyright is held by Journal of Innovation in Teaching and Instructional Media. All articles published Open Access will be immediately and permanently free for everyone to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, link, or use for any other lawful purpose. We are continuously working with our author communities to select the best choice of license options, currently being defined for this journal as follows: • Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC BY-SA)
Studi Kasus Gaya Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah dalam Pelaksanaan Supervisi Pendidikan
This study analyzes the principal’s leadership style in supervising and wants to know how the results are in improving teacher performance. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. The results of the study showed that school principals applied a democratic leadership style in the implementation of educational supervision, with open communication, continuous coaching, and feedback to teachers. The novelty of this research lies in an in-depth presentation of the leadership practices of school principals in educational supervision which is analyzed contextually through a qualitative approach. The implication of the research is that the application of democratic leadership styles in educational supervision has an important role in building a school climate. This research makes a theoretical and practical contribution to the development of education management and the improvement of learning quality.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ahmad Hariyanto, Dwi Ira Puspita, Merintan Merintan, Nabila Astriani, Krisfalesi Krisfalesi, Yuniar Pratiwi, Zakiyul Fikri, Samsilayurni Samsilayurni https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Persepsi Mahasiswa Dalam Pemanfaatan Artificial Intellegence (AI) ChatGPT Sebagai Sumber Informasi
This study was conducted on students of the Islamic Religious Education Study Program at Fatmawati Sukarno State Islamic University of Bengkulu from the 2022, 2023, and 2024 cohorts. The purpose of this study is to determine the perceptions of students and teaching staff regarding the use of AI ChatGPT as a source of information. This research is qualitative in nature with a descriptive approach. The data collection techniques include interviews, participant observation, and documentation. Meanwhile, data analysis techniques are carried out through data reduction, data display, data verification, and drawing conclusions in accordance with this research. The results of this study consist of two main findings. First, students’ perceptions of the use of AI ChatGPT as a source of information show various opinions and experiences. Students assess that ChatGPT provides a considerable positive impact, especially in facilitating access to information, answering questions, understanding learning materials, and helping to complete academic tasks. However, there are also negative aspects, namely causing dependency, reducing motivation to read books, and weakening critical thinking skills. Second, the perceptions of teaching staff indicate that lecturers consider ChatGPT as a technological innovation that provides many benefits for both lecturers and students, especially in accelerating information searches, helping to simplify concepts, and supporting the preparation of teaching materials. AI ChatGPT is considered to have a positive impact of around 80–85% as long as it is used wisely. However, ChatGPT can have negative effects if students do not develop and validate the information provided by ChatGPT, which can lead to dependency, reduced critical thinking, and decreased originality.
Copyright (c) 2026 Tiara Puspita Sari, Yoka Yoka, Yunika Fitri, Intan Utami, Bambang Irawan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Scientific Research Training for Teachers in Bengkulu City
Scientific research training for teachers aims to improve the professional competence of educators in carrying out educational research, especially Classroom Action Research. Research is a reflective tool that allows teachers to improve the learning process in an ongoing manner. However, many teachers face obstacles in understanding research methodologies, compiling proposals, and writing scientific reports. Therefore, community service activities are needed in the form of educational and participatory training. This activity is carried out through an andragogy approach and an experiential learning model that prioritizes the active involvement of participants. The training method consists of material presentations, discussions, workshops, and assistance in preparing research proposals. Evaluation is carried out through pre-test, post-test, and product assessment in the form of draft proposals. The output of the activity includes increasing research understanding, the ability to prepare proposals, and the growth of a research culture in the teacher environment. With this training, teachers are expected to be more confident to conduct research based on real problems in the classroom, as well as be able to produce relevant and publishable scientific works, so as to directly contribute to improving the quality of learning and teacher professionalism.
Copyright (c) 2025 Connie Connie, Muhammad Kristiawan, Septi Emilya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effect of Cake Application Toward Students Speaking Mastery (A Quasi-Experimental Study)
This quasi-experimental study examined the effect of the Cake application on the English-speaking proficiency of tenth-grade students at SMA Negeri 04 Seluma in the 2024/2025 academic year. The study involved 60 students from two intact classes, with one class assigned as the experimental group taught using the Cake application and the other as the control group taught through conventional instructional methods. Students’ speaking ability was measured through pre-test and post-test assessments using a structured speaking test scored with a validated analytic rubric assessing fluency, pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammatical accuracy. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential analysis. The results showed that the experimental group demonstrated a substantial improvement in speaking proficiency, with the mean score increasing from 57.06 to 74.79, which was significantly higher than the improvement observed in the control group from 53.00 to 62.23. An independent samples t-test revealed a statistically significant difference between the post-test scores of the two groups (t (58) = 3.79, p < .001). These findings indicate that the Cake application is effective in improving students’ English-speaking proficiency and suggests that mobile-assisted language learning applications can serve as effective supplementary tools for enhancing speaking skills in senior high school EFL contexts, particularly in rural educational settings.
Copyright (c) 2026 Elpita Sari, Ferri Susanto, Yashori Revola https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pengaruh Latihan Fisik Terhadap Kecepatan Lari Jarak Pendek dan Motivasi Belajar Siswa Kelas V SDN 005 Palas
This study aims to determine the effect of structured physical exercise on short-distance running speed and learning motivation among fifth-grade students at SDN 005 Palas. A quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental method was employed using a one-group pretest-posttest design. The subjects were 18 fifth-grade students. Structured and continuous physical exercise was implemented as the intervention. Data were collected through short-distance running speed tests and a learning motivation questionnaire administered at both pre-test and post-test stages, then analyzed using statistical tests. The findings revealed that physical exercise significantly increased both short-distance running speed and student learning motivation. The intervention effectively addressed initial observations of low fitness levels and lack of enthusiasm for physical activities among students. The research innovatively examines the dual impact of a single structured exercise program on both a specific physical competency (running speed) and a psychological construct (learning motivation) within elementary physical education. Physical education teachers should integrate structured, continuous exercise programs as a dual-purpose strategy for enhancing both students' physical fitness and their motivational engagement in learning activities. The study contributes empirical evidence to physical education pedagogy, demonstrating that well-designed exercise interventions can simultaneously yield physiological and psychological benefits, supporting holistic student development.
Copyright (c) 2026 Anugrah Fitra Ramadhan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Etos Kerja Guru di SDN 006 Pompa Air
Based on the results of the analysis that has been done, this study uses a quantitative approach with a causal associative research type, because it aims to determine the influence between two independent variables (principal leadership and work environment) on the dependent variable (teacher work ethic). This approach is used to test the hypothesis through the collection of quantitative data that is analyzed statistically. The sample in this study were teachers who teach at SDN 006 Pompa Air, the number of samples needed was 23 teachers. The study concluded that effective principal leadership and good performance play an important role in improving the work ethic of teachers at SDN 006 Pompa Air. The principal's leadership style, appropriate managerial strategies, and the ability to create a positive work environment are some of the key factors that support the improvement of work ethic among teachers at SDN 006 Pompa Air. To improve teacher work ethic, teachers can develop professional and personal competencies, increase discipline and responsibility, apply positive work ethic habits, participate in academic supervision and training, increase work motivation and discipline, build good interpersonal relationships at SDN 006 Pompa Air.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nuryati Nuryati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pengaruh Komunikasi Kepala Sekolah Terhadap Prilaku Toleransi dan Disiplin Kerja Guru di Sekolah Dasar Negeri Bernas
This study aims to analyze the effect of principal communication on teachers’ tolerance behavior and work discipline at Bernas Public Elementary School. The background of the study is based on preliminary observations indicating several issues, such as teachers’ tardiness, insufficient lesson preparation, and limited ability to accommodate student diversity. This research employed a quantitative approach using a survey method. The population consisted of all 32 teachers at Bernas Public Elementary School, and total sampling was applied. Data were collected through questionnaires and documentation, while data analysis included a normality test and a paired sample t-test. The results revealed that principal communication had a significant effect on teachers’ tolerance behavior and work discipline, with a significance value of 0.000. The mean score of teachers’ tolerance behavior was 80.07, while the mean score of work discipline was 84.68. The novelty of this study lies in emphasizing the strategic role of principal communication in simultaneously fostering tolerance and discipline among teachers. The practical implications indicate that effective, open, and continuous communication from school principals can create a conducive working environment and enhance teacher professionalism. This study contributes to the development of elementary school management, particularly in strengthening leadership communication practices in educational settings.
Copyright (c) 2026 Marzuki Marzuki https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Upaya Meningkatkan Konsentrasi Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun Melalui Metode Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek di TK Tunas Bangsa XIII Koto Kampar
Learning concentration is an important aspect that plays a role in supporting the success of early childhood in participating in the learning process. However, in reality, many children still have difficulty maintaining focus, which impacts their developmental achievements. One effort that can be made to overcome this problem is through the application of the Project-Based Learning (PjBL) method which emphasizes the active involvement of children in learning activities. This research is a Classroom Action Research (CAR) carried out in two cycles, each including the planning, implementation, observation, and reflection stages. The research subjects were 15 group B children aged 5–6 years at Tunas Bangsa XIII Koto Kampar Kindergarten, consisting of 7 boys and 8 girls. Data collection techniques used observation, documentation, and structured interviews, with qualitative and quantitative data analysis. The results of the study showed a significant increase in children's learning concentration, from an average of 14.4% in the pre-cycle, increasing to 32.3% in cycle I, and reaching 90.4% in cycle II. Thus, the application of the PjBL method has been proven effective in improving the learning concentration of early childhood.
Copyright (c) 2026 Febi Astri Nur Sinaga https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pengaruh Penggunaan Metode Demonstrasi Terhadap Minat Belajar dan Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Siswa Kelas V SD Negeri 005 Palas
This study aims to determine the effect of the use of demonstration methods on the learning interest and creative thinking skills of fifth grade students in science subjects at SD Negeri 005 Palas. This study is motivated by the importance of learning methods to increase students’ active participation and develop creative thinking skills from an early age. The demonstration method was chosen because it allows abstract concepts to be presented concretely and attract students’ attention. This study uses a quantitative approach with a single case study. The subjects of the study were all fifth-grade students of SD Negeri 005 Palas who participated in science learning with the demonstration method. Data collection was carried out using a validated learning interest questionnaire and a creative thinking test. Data analysis was carried out descriptively and quantitatively to describe the level of students’ learning interest and creative thinking skills after being given treatment. The results of the study showed that students showed high learning interest during the demonstration learning process. They seemed more enthusiastic, focused, and actively asked questions during the activity. Furthermore, the results of the creative thinking test showed that students were able to produce original, flexible, and varied ideas. Thus, the use of the demonstration method has a positive influence on students’ learning interest and creative thinking skills in science learning.
Copyright (c) 2026 Syarifah Aini https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pengaruh Media Film Terhadap Minat Belajar dan Kemampuan Memahami Isi Cerita Siswa Sekolah Dasar
This study aims to analyse the influence of the use of film media on learning interest and the ability to understand the content of students' stories in learning Indonesian language in grade VI of SDN 011 Desa Baru. This study uses a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design in the form of a one-group pretest-posttest design. The subjects of the study were all grade VI students totalling 36 students and were determined by saturated sampling technique. Data collection was carried out through learning interest questionnaires, ability tests to understand the content of stories, and observation of student activities during the learning process. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics by peer-sample t-test after meeting the prerequisite tests of normality and homogeneity. The results of the study show that the use of film media has a significant influence on increasing learning interest and the ability to understand the content of students' stories. Students become more enthusiastic, active, and able to understand story elements, plots, characters, settings, and moral messages more deeply after learning using film media. The novelty of this research lies in integrating the measurement of learning interest and simultaneous understanding of story content through film media in the context of learning Indonesian in elementary schools. The practical implications of this study show that film media can be used as an alternative, effective, engaging, and contextual learning medium. The contribution of this research is expected to be an empirical reference for teachers and education practitioners in developing innovative Indonesian language learning and oriented towards improving the quality of student learning processes and outcomes.
Copyright (c) 2026 Endrawati Endrawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pengaruh Model Problem Based Learning Terhadap Minat Belajar Siswa dan Kemampuan Berkolaborasi di Pembelajaran IPA UPT SMP Negeri 6 Tambang
Science learning in junior high schools still faces the problem of low student interest in learning and collaboration skills due to the dominance of teacher-centered learning. This study aims to determine the effect of implementing the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model on students' interest in learning and collaboration skills in ninth-grade science at the UPT SMP Negeri 6 Tambang. The study used a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental model and a nonequivalent control group design. The study sample consisted of two classes: an experimental class implementing the PBL model and a control class using conventional learning. Data collection techniques included a learning interest questionnaire, observations of collaboration skills, an assessment rubric, and documentation. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive and inferential statistics with a t-test. The results showed a significant difference between the experimental and control classes, with students' interest in learning and collaboration skills being higher in the experimental class. It can be concluded that the Problem-Based Learning model has a positive and significant effect on increasing students' interest in learning and collaboration skills in science learning.
Copyright (c) 2026 Era Festivalia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pengaruh Model Problem Based Learning Terhadap Kreativitas dan Kolaborasi Siswa dalam Pembelajaran IPS di UPT SMPN 6 Tambang
This study aims to analyse the effect of the application of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model on students’ creativity and collaboration ability in Social Science (IPS) learning at UPT SMPN 6 Tambang. The research uses a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental research type and Pre-test–Post-test Control Group Design. The research subjects consisted of all 35 students in grade IX, which were divided into experimental classes and control classes through saturated sampling techniques. The experimental class was treated using the PBL model, while the control class used the conventional discussion method. Data collection was carried out through pre-test and post-test tests, creativity and collaboration ability questionnaires, and student activity observation sheets. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics with t-tests after meeting the prerequisite tests of normality and homogeneity. The results showed a significant difference between the experimental class and the control class, in which the application of the PBL model was proven to be more effective in increasing students’ creativity and collaboration skills. The novelty of this research lies in the integration of simultaneous measurement of creativity and collaboration in the context of social studies learning at the junior high school level with the PBL approach. The practical implications of this study suggest that the PBL model can be applied as an innovative learning strategy to support 21st century skills development. The contribution of this research is expected to be an empirical reference for teachers and curriculum developers in designing more active, collaborative, and meaningful social studies learning.
Copyright (c) 2026 Siska Deswita https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Transformasional Kepala Sekolah Terhadap Perencanaan dan Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran di Sekolah Dasar
This study aims to analyze the influence of the principal’s transformational leadership style on lesson planning and instructional implementation in elementary schools. Transformational leadership is believed to foster a collaborative, innovative, and professional school culture that can enhance teachers’ performance in designing and implementing learning processes. This research employed a quantitative approach using a pre-experimental design with a One Group Pretest–Posttest Design. The participants consisted of 10 teachers at SDN 011 Teluk Dalam. Data were collected using questionnaires and observation sheets that had been previously validated. Data analysis was conducted by comparing pretest and posttest results to determine changes after the implementation of transformational leadership practices. The findings indicate that the principal’s transformational leadership style has a positive and significant effect on improving the quality of lesson planning and instructional implementation. Principals who inspire teachers, provide individualized support, and encourage innovation are able to enhance teachers’ effectiveness in designing and conducting learning activities. The novelty of this study lies in examining the direct impact of transformational leadership on classroom instructional practices at the elementary school level. The results provide practical implications for strengthening principals’ leadership competencies in order to improve the quality of basic education.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nur Asirah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pengaruh Pola Kepemimpinan Demokratis Kepala Sekolah Terhadap Motivasi Kerja dan Kemampuan Pedagogik Guru di SDN 009 Sari Mulya
This study aims to determine the influence of the principal's democratic leadership pattern on the work motivation and pedagogical skills of teachers at SDN 009 Sari Mulya. This quantitative research approach is expected to provide a deeper understanding and interpretation of the meaning of relevant facts and reality. The study was conducted at SDN 009 Sari Mulya, Pangkalan Lesung District, Pelalawan Regency, Riau Province. A population of 10 teachers served as the research sample. Data management began with validity and reliability tests, as well as instrument hypothesis testing using SPSS version 25 for Windows. The next step was normality testing, linearity testing, and finally, hypothesis testing by conducting a simple regression test Y = α + bX to determine the functional relationship between variable X and variables Y1 and Y2. The results of the study stated that democratic leadership had a positive effect on teacher work motivation with a significance value of 0.000 (<0.05) and an influence contribution of 68.4%, furthermore, democratic leadership patterns had a positive effect on teacher pedagogical abilities with a significance value of 0.002 (<0.05) and an influence contribution of 52.9%.
Copyright (c) 2026 Boiman Boiman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pengaruh Media Power Point Terhadap Minat dan Pemahaman Konsep Pada Mata Pelajaran IPAS Siswa Kelas V SD Negeri 011 Bukit Gajah
This study aims to determine the effect of using PowerPoint media on students' learning interest and conceptual understanding in the IPAS subject for fifth-grade students at SD Negeri 011 Bukit Gajah. The research was motivated by the low levels of student interest and conceptual understanding due to the continued use of conventional teaching methods and lack of engaging instructional media. The study employed a quantitative approach using a quasi-experimental method with a Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. The subjects consisted of two classes: an experimental class using PowerPoint media and a control class using picture media. Instruments included a questionnaire to measure learning interest and a test to assess conceptual understanding. The results showed that the use of PowerPoint media significantly improved both student interest and conceptual understanding. Thus, PowerPoint media can serve as an effective alternative to enhance the quality of IPAS instruction in elementary schools.
Copyright (c) 2026 Untung Sugiarto, Ramdhan Witarsa, Musnar Indra Daulay https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Demonstrasi Terhadap Kemampuan Psikomotorik Gerak Dasar Lari dan Lompat Siswa di Sekolah Dasar
This study aims to examine the effect of the demonstration learning model on the psychomotor skills of basic running and jumping movements among elementary school students. The background of this research is the low level of students’ psychomotor abilities in physical education, particularly in performing fundamental movements such as running and jumping, which is often caused by the use of less appropriate teaching methods. The study used a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design, specifically the One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The research subjects were 20 fifth-grade students at SDN 007 Pangkalan Kerinci. Data were collected through psychomotor skill tests and learning interest questionnaires. The results showed that the demonstration learning model had a significant impact on improving students’ psychomotor skills in basic running and jumping movements. By observing correct movements directly, students were able to better understand the material, increase their motivation, and actively engage in physical education activities. Therefore, the demonstration method is recommended as an effective strategy to enhance students’ motor skill achievement at the elementary school level.
Copyright (c) 2026 Emon Ramadhan Putra, Amir Luthfi, Nurmalina Nurmalina https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
A Systematic Literature Review on Data-Driven Transformational Leadership for Global Competitiveness in Education
This study presents a systematic literature review (SLR) examining the integration of strategic analysis and data utilization in transformational leadership. Synthesizing findings from 15 peer-reviewed articles published between 2021 and 2026, the review identifies key themes, gaps, and mechanisms through which data-driven leadership influences teacher performance and educational quality. The results reveal that while transformational leadership is extensively studied, the explicit integration of data-driven decision-making as a core leadership competency remains underexplored. The study concludes that effective educational leadership requires principals to evolve from inspirational figures into data-informed strategists who leverage strategic analysis to target teacher development. The novelty lies in systematically bridging transformational leadership’s behavioral focus with data-driven decision-making’s analytical demands, challenging assumptions that inspiration alone suffices. The proposed conceptual framework offers a testable causal chain linking leader data literacy through strategic analysis to globally competitive education outcomes. Practically, the findings recommend that leadership training programs prioritize data literacy, teacher professional development align with leadership’s strategic analysis, and policymakers establish integrated data systems with accountability frameworks rewarding effective data use. This study contributes to educational leadership literature by providing a theoretical expansion of leadership models, a consolidated research landscape for 2021-2026, and a practical blueprint for embedding data competencies into principal preparation, teacher coaching, and school improvement plans.
Copyright (c) 2026 Zesti Amelia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Teachers’ Lived Experiences of Principal Leadership in Supporting the Learning Process: A Phenomenological Study in an Elementary School
This study aims to explore teachers’ lived experiences of principal leadership in supporting the learning process. This study was conducted at SDN 32 Bengkulu Selatan. This study employed a qualitative phenomenological design and also literature review. Six teachers were purposively selected based on teaching experience and active school involvement. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis (coding, categorization, interpretation). The findings revealed three key leadership practices: instructional support through classroom supervision and constructive feedback; participatory decision-making that fosters teacher engagement; and motivational support that enhances teacher commitment and performance. These practices significantly contribute to improving teaching and learning quality. This study contributes to educational leadership literature by providing context-based insights into how leadership is experienced by teachers. Practically, the findings suggest that principals should adopt supportive and participatory leadership approaches, while policymakers should design leadership development programs aligned with school needs.
Copyright (c) 2026 Iis Syahdli https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Systematic Literature Review: The Role of School Strategic Plans in Improving Educational Quality
This study investigates the role of school strategic plans in enhancing educational quality, moving beyond their perception as mere administrative requirements. A systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted, analysing 15 peer-reviewed articles published between 2021 and 2026. The findings reveal that effective strategic planning contributes to quality improvement through three key mechanisms: (1) structured formulation processes involving stakeholder deliberation, (2) alignment of resources with institutional vision and mission, and (3) systematic monitoring and evaluation. However, the review also identifies persistent challenges, including limited technological integration, insufficient professional development, and a tendency toward administrative compliance rather than pedagogical transformation. This study contributes a synthesized framework that conceptualizes strategic plans as “living roadmaps” for institutional change, emphasizing the synergy between managerial leadership and active document engagement. The findings provide actionable insights for school principals and policymakers seeking to bridge the gap between long-term vision and daily operational practice.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dexulear Mexi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Systematic Literature Review: Optimizing Classroom Management in the Implementation of Differentiated Learning to Diverse Student Learning Styles
This study aims to synthesize evidence on optimizing classroom management practices in implementing differentiated learning to accommodate diverse student learning styles (visual, auditory, and kinesthetic) in elementary education. Employing the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method article searches were conducted across Scopus, and Google Scholar databases for publications between 2021-2026, with 15 peer-reviewed articles meeting inclusion criteria and analyzed using thematic synthesis. Findings reveal that optimizing classroom management requires four key dimensions: flexible classroom arrangements supporting varied activities, proactive behavior management promoting student autonomy, efficient time management for simultaneous multiple activities, and ongoing formative assessment to adjust instruction—strategies that teachers report increase student engagement across diverse learning styles. The novelty of this review lies in its integrated optimization framework connecting classroom management theory with differentiated instruction principles specifically for accommodating learning style diversity, addressing a critical gap in existing literature. Practical implications guide teachers and school leaders in redesigning classroom management approaches, while informing teacher training programs and school mentoring initiatives focused on creating inclusive learning environments. This research advances educational management by providing an evidence-based framework for optimizing classroom management in differentiated settings, offering both theoretical contributions and actionable insights for practitioners accommodating diverse learners.
Copyright (c) 2026 Yona Anggelina Wulandari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Systematic Literature Review: The Transformation of Principalship: Digital Leadership in Improving Teachers’ ICT Literacy
In the digital era, educational leadership must evolve beyond traditional management toward a digital leadership paradigm. This study aims to analyze how school principals transform their roles into digital leaders and how this influences teachers’ technology literacy. A systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted, analyzing 15 peer reviewed articles between 2021 and 2026. The findings reveal that effective an inclusive digital leadership style significantly reduces teachers’ resistance to technology while enhancing their digital competencies in both pedagogical and administrative practices. The study’s result Effective and inclusive digital leadership significantly reduces teachers’ resistance to technology while enhancing their digital competencies in both pedagogical and administrative practices. The study’s novelty lies in its focus on the managerial orchestration of cultural change rather than mere hardware provision. It concludes that effective digital transformation depends on the principal’s ability to orchestrate technology-based work culture. The practical implication underscores there is an urgent need for structured digital leadership training for school administrators to sustain educational innovation, particularly in the age of AI. Such training should equip principals with skills to manage cultural transformation, foster teacher buy-in, and integrate technology meaningfully into daily school operations. Contribution study’s this work advances a nuanced understanding of leadership as the pivotal driver of successful technology integration in schools. It concludes that effective digital transformation depends critically on the principal’s ability to orchestrate a technology-infused work culture, thereby providing a conceptual framework for future empirical studies on digital leadership in deep learning and basic education settings.
Copyright (c) 2026 Fitriani Fitriani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
A Systematic Literature Review: Developing a Transformative Leadership Model to Foster Innovative School Climate and Student Learning Independence
This study aims to develop a theoretically grounded transformative leadership model that fosters an innovative school climate to enhance student learning independence. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, analyzing 15 peer-reviewed articles from Scopus, Web of Science, and ERIC. Thematic synthesis revealed that transformative leadership is characterized by visionary communication and intellectual stimulation as dominant dimensions. The synthesis further demonstrates that innovative school climate - defined by psychological safety, collaboration, and risk-taking - mediates the relationship between leadership practices and student learning independence. The proposed model links transformative leadership (input), innovative school climate (process), and student learning independence (outcome), extending path-goal theory by illustrating cascading effects from leaders to teachers to students. This study contributes a comprehensive framework for school principals and policymakers seeking to cultivate student autonomy through leadership-driven climate change. Limitations include reliance on existing literature and the need for future empirical validation of the proposed model.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Aridi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Distributed Leadership in Elementary School Organizational Development: A Systematic Literature Review on Building Synergy for Shared Vision
This study aims to analyze the distributed leadership model in elementary school organizational development, focusing on how synergy among principals, teachers, and education personnel contributes to realizing a shared vision. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted, synthesizing findings from 15 peer-reviewed articles published between 2021 and 2026, sourced from Scopus, Web of Science, and ERIC databases. The results reveal that effective distributed leadership in elementary schools is characterized by (1) deliberate delegation of authority and responsibility, (2) cultivation of teacher leadership and collective efficacy, (3) establishment of trust-based relationships, and (4) alignment of school vision with collaborative practices. Key findings indicate that distributed leadership positively influences teacher professional development, instructional quality, and organizational outcomes, often mediated by professional learning communities and teacher collaboration. The novelty of this study lies in its integrated framework for building functional synergy among three key actor groups in elementary school contexts. Practically, the findings offer principals actionable strategies for transitioning from hierarchical management to collaborative leadership and provide policymakers with evidence-based guidance for designing professional development programs focused on distributed leadership competencies.
Copyright (c) 2026 Trimuji Handana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Teacher Readiness and School Infrastructure in Implementing AI Integrated Programming Learning in Junior High School: A Systematic Literature Review
This study systematically analyses teacher readiness and school infrastructure for implementing AI-integrated programming learning in junior high schools. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, synthesizing 15 peer-reviewed articles published between 2021 and 2026. The findings reveal that teacher readiness is the most critical factor, with synthesized evidence indicating that fewer than one-third of teachers report adequate AI training, accompanied by concerns about role replacement and a gap between basic digital literacy and specific AI literacy. Infrastructure challenges include a significant digital divide between OECD and non-OECD countries and an urgent need for policy frameworks governing data privacy and ethical AI use in schools. The review also identifies a contradiction in the literature between technological optimism and socio-cultural resistance among educators. The study concludes that successful AI integration requires a holistic approach encompassing continuous teacher professional development, equitable infrastructure distribution, and systemic policies supporting ethical and inclusive pedagogical transformation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Alnawati Alnawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Optimizing Digital Interactive Boards (DIBs) in Building a Student-Centered Learning Ecosystem: An Analysis of Teacher Readiness and Adaptation
This study analyzes the optimization of Digital Interactive Boards (DIBs) in building student centered learning ecosystems, focusing on teacher readiness and adaptation. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted, synthesizing 15 peer-reviewed articles published between 2021 and 2026 from Scopus and ERIC databases. The findings reveal that DIB effectiveness is contingent upon three interrelated factors: (1) teacher readiness encompassing technological, pedagogical, and psychological dimensions; (2) a staged adaptation process moving from technical onboarding to pedagogical transformation; and (3) institutional support including ongoing training and collaborative school culture. The novelty of this study lies in its integrated framework linking teacher readiness analysis with student centered ecosystem development, shifting the discourse from technology adoption to human adaptation. Practically, the findings emphasize the need for sustained professional development programs, responsive technical infrastructure.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rusma Yunita https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Optimizing School Facilities and Infrastructure Management: A Systematic Literature Review
This study aims to systematically analyze previous research on the management of school facilities and infrastructure in order to identify strategies for optimizing their utilization in supporting educational processes. This study employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach by reviewing 15 relevant journal articles selected based on relevance, research design, and publication credibility. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify key patterns and findings across studies. The findings reveal that effective management of school facilities and infrastructure involves several key stages, including planning, procurement, utilization, maintenance, and supervision; however, common challenges include limited financial resources, lack of systematic maintenance, and suboptimal utilization of facilities, while leadership and stakeholder involvement play a crucial role in improving management effectiveness. The novelty of this study lies in providing a comprehensive synthesis of existing literature by integrating key management components and identifying common gaps in practice, particularly in maintenance systems and resource optimization. The practical implication suggests that schools need to strengthen needs-based planning, implement structured maintenance systems, enhance supervision, and optimize the use of available resources. This study contributes to the field of educational management by offering a systematic overview of best practices and challenges in managing school facilities and infrastructure, which can serve as a reference for policymakers, school leaders, and future researchers.
Copyright (c) 2026 Desmi Yanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Optimizing Academic Supervision by School Principals to Improve Elementary School Teacher Performance: A Systematic Literature Review
This study analyzes and optimizes principal-led academic supervision to improve elementary teacher performance. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of 15 peer-reviewed articles (2021–2026) identifies four essential dimensions: (systematic planning aligned with teacher needs, clinical observation with collaborative feedback, sustained follow-up programs, and technology integration for efficiency and transparency. Key synthesized findings also reveal persistent barriers: principals’ excessive administrative loads and lack of specialized supervisory training. The novelty lies in an empirically-grounded optimization framework tailored specifically to primary school contexts. Practically, the results offer principals actionable strategies and provide education authorities a blueprint for targeted training programs. The contribution advances supervision theory by linking practices directly to teacher professional development and student learning outcomes in elementary schools.
Copyright (c) 2026 Respati Respati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Gosip Dalam Al-Qur’an Perspektif Tafsir Al-Mishbah dan Implementasinya Terhadap Kehidupan Muslim Kontemporer
Gossip is a form of communication that is prohibited in the Qur’an, yet it is rampant in the digital age. This study aims to analyze the verses of the Qur’an regarding gossip through the perspective of Tafsir Al-Mishbah by M. Quraish Shihab and to examine its implementation in the lives of contemporary Muslims. This study employs a qualitative literature review method with a thematic and descriptive-analytical approach. The findings reveal that Quraish Shihab offers a contextual and practical interpretation of the verses on gossip, emphasizing the importance of guarding one’s speech, seeking clarification, and avoiding backbiting, particularly in digital communication. This study affirms that a contextual interpretation approach can address the ethical issues of communication among contemporary Muslims and serve as a solution for building a more ethical, healthy, and Islam-compliant communication culture. The novelty of this research lies in the integration of the contextual interpretation of Al-Mishbah with the problems of digital communication, as well as providing practical impacts for the development of Islamic communication ethics in the digital era.
Copyright (c) 2026 Al Khikma Aulia Karim, Muhamad Amrullah, Murdiyanto Murdiyanto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Studi Penafsiran Lafadz Qarin dalam Tafsir Aisar At-Tafasir Karya Abu Bakar Jabir Al-Jazairi
The concept of qarin in the Qur’an is part of the dynamic relationship between humans and supernatural beings, which has a significant impact on one’s spiritual and moral life. This study aims to analyze the interpretation of the term qarin in Aisar At-Tafasir by Abu Bakar Jabir Al-Jazairi using a thematic (maudhu’i) tafsir approach, as well as to examine its relevance in the lives of contemporary Muslims. This research employs a qualitative method with a library research approach and content analysis. The findings indicate that qarin in the Qur’an carries various meanings depending on the context of the verse: as a misleading companion devil, a bad human friend in the worldly life, or even an angel who records deeds. Aisar At-Tafasir emphasizes that the influence of the qarin, particularly from among the devils, is not absolute and only affects those who turn away from the guidance of the Qur’an. In contrast, believers are accompanied by a righteous qarin who poses no harm. These findings provide important implications for fostering spiritual awareness, self-control, and the development of Islamic character. Theoretically, this study contributes to the development of contemporary thematic tafsir scholarship, particularly in understanding spiritual concepts of the Qur’an through the ijmali approach. Practically, these findings can serve as a foundation for character education and spiritual development of Muslims in the modern era. Thus, a proper understanding of the qarin concept not only strengthens the dimension of faith but also serves as practical guidance in facing spiritual challenges in the modern era.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Fakih Fiddin, Muhamad Amrulloh, Murdianto Murdianto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Supervisi Akademik Kepala Sekolah dalam Meningkatkan Motivasi dan Kinerja Guru: Sebuah Systematic Literature Review
This study is a systematic literature review (SLR) of fifteen scientific articles from 2021 to 2025. This article aims to identify, evaluate, and synthesize previous research findings on the role of principals' academic supervision in improving teacher motivation and performance. Academic supervision is an important component in educational management that can contribute to teacher professional development and improve the quality of learning. Inclusion criteria include studies that discuss academic supervision by principals and its impact on teacher motivation and performance in the context of primary and secondary education. The results of the study indicate that effective academic supervision which includes structured planning, open communication, and providing constructive feedback has a positive influence on teacher work motivation and improved performance in learning activities. In addition, the supportive and collaborative leadership style of the principal has been shown to strengthen the impact of supervision on teacher professional achievement. These findings emphasize the importance of strengthening the capacity of principals in the practice of academic supervision as a strategy to improve the quality of education.
Copyright (c) 2026 Irra Julia Saputri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Kecerdasan Buatan dalam Pembelajaran Personalisasi: Akselerasi Efektivitas Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di Perguruan Tinggi
The purpose of this study is to describe the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in personalized learning, analyze student motivation and engagement, and identify lecturers' and students' perceptions of the effectiveness of Indonesian language learning at State Islamic Religious Universities (PTKI). The study used a qualitative approach with a multi-site case study design at UIN Fatmawati Sukarno Bengkulu and IAIN Curup. The informants of this study consisted of 6 lecturers, 12 students, and 2 study program staff. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, then analyzed using the Miles and Huberman interactive model through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results show that the application of AI in personalized learning can increase learning motivation, active engagement, and then students in Indonesian language learning. AI helps lecturers map student learning needs more accurately, provide real-time feedback, and adjust learning materials and strategies based on individual student characteristics. However, the implementation of AI still faces obstacles in the form of limited digital infrastructure and lecturers' technological competencies. This study presents a novelty in the form of an AI-based personalized learning model integrated with local religious and cultural values ​​in PTK. The research's implications suggest that AI can be an innovative strategy for creating adaptive, humanistic, and student-centered Indonesian language learning. This research contribution enriches the study of AI integration in language education within religious higher education settings.
Copyright (c) 2026 Wenny Aulia Sari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Transformasi Ketahanan Multitingkat Sebagai Benteng Ideologi Bagi Remaja Dari Siber-Radikalisasi di Indonesia
This study aims to analyze the patterns of youth exploitation in the cyber-radicalization phenomenon in Indonesia and formulate a Multi-Level Resilience Transformation framework as an adaptive ideological bulwark against contemporary threats. Using narrative literature and qualitative policy analysis methods, this study examines literature and regulations post-2024 institutional restructuring to build an integrated defense model. The results show that adolescent psychosocial vulnerability (Identity vs. Role Confusion) is exploited through online grooming patterns, such as love bombing and the use of global issues as triggers, which leads to divided loyalties and the risk of prolonged trauma. The novelty of this study lies in the integration of three dimensions simultaneously: developmental psychology, community resilience, and national policy architecture within a multi-level framework specific to the Indonesian context. The framework consists of: (1) Self-Resilience through critical digital literacy and empathetic resilience; (2) Community Resilience with the empowerment of women as early detection agents and optimization of online religious figures; and (3) National Resilience that synergizes the policies of the National Counterterrorism Agency (BNPT), Komdigi, the Ministry of Elementary and Secondary Education, and the Ministry of Education and Science and Technology. The practical implications include the availability of an implementation roadmap for relevant ministries, while the academic contribution enriches the literature on digital resilience and youth vulnerability in Southeast Asia, while also offering a trauma-informed approach to re-entry programs for victims of radicalization.
Copyright (c) 2026 Yosua Cahyo Pratomo, Sri Murtiana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Strategi Pengembangan Pembelajaran Berbasis Teknologi dalam Pendidikan Agama Islam
This study examines the strategic role of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) in shaping students’ character, morals, and spirituality, enabling them to become faithful, devout, and noble individuals amidst the challenges of globalization and technological advancement. A qualitative literature-based approach was employed, synthesizing relevant theoretical frameworks and empirical studies on PAI learning systems, teacher empowerment, and character education in the digital era. The findings reveal that the IRE learning system faces significant challenges in adapting to digital developments without compromising core Islamic values. Improving spirituality and morality through PAI is identified as a long-term solution for producing graduates with strong character, responsibility, and inner peace. Achieving this requires professional, innovative teachers capable of integrating multicultural values, technology, and humanistic approaches into the learning process. Teacher empowerment emerges as a crucial strategy for enhancing pedagogical, professional, social, and personal competencies to enable optimal performance. This study uniquely synthesizes the intersection of digital adaptation, multicultural integration, and humanistic pedagogy within PAI teacher empowerment frameworks. Findings emphasize the need for structured professional development programs that equip PAI teachers with digital literacy, multicultural competence, and humanistic teaching skills. This research contributes a conceptual framework for strengthening PAI teacher capacity, offering actionable insights for policymakers and educational institutions in designing empowerment strategies that balance technological innovation with Islamic values preservation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Thiara Deah Lestari, Desy Eka Citra Dewi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hakikat dan Sejarah Perkembangan Bahasa Indonesia: Dinamika Historis dan Tantangan Sosiolinguistik di Era Digital
This study analyzes the nature of Indonesian as a system of symbols and collective identity, reconstructs its historical dynamics from the Old Malay era to its unification as a national language, and explores contemporary sociolinguistic challenges in the era of globalization and digitalization. A qualitative library-research approach was employed, combining historical analysis, content analysis, and source triangulation to examine language policy documents and related literature. The findings reveal that the transformation of Malay into Indonesian reflects successful egalitarian and inclusive sociolinguistic engineering, while post-independence corpus standardization (PUEBI/EYD) effectively built national integration. However, in the contemporary era, the hegemony of standard language faces challenges from linguistic hybridity driven by code-switching and informal digital language variation on social media. This study uniquely integrates three dimensions of inquiry philosophical-conceptual, historical-chronological, and digital sociolinguistic which prior studies have generally treated separately, offering a comprehensive analysis of Indonesian's evolution and contemporary challenges. The study recommends a policy reorientation from a centralistic top-down model toward an adaptive bottom-up approach responsive to modern linguistic ecology, without sacrificing Indonesian's unifying function. This research contributes a holistic framework for understanding Indonesian as an ideological project in a postcolonial state, offering actionable insights for language policymakers in navigating the tension between standardization and digital-era linguistic diversity while preserving national cohesion.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ira Yuniati, Tuhfah Muslihah, Asriana Nur Ameliah, Dea Rahayu, Nivi Yulia Sapitri, Reza Meitista Putri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0