The Influence of Empowering Leadership and Adversity Quotient on Teacher Performance in Public Elementary Schools
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52690/jswse.v7i2.1480Keywords:
Adversity Quotient, Empowering Leadership, Teacher PerformanceAbstract
This study aims to analyze the influence of empowering leadership and adversity quotient (AQ) on teacher performance in public elementary schools, addressing persistent performance variations. The research employs a quantitative, correlational design. Data were collected from 95 teachers, selected via proportional random sampling from a population of 123, using validated and reliable instruments. Analysis was conducted using simple and multiple linear regression to test partial and simultaneous effects. The results confirm that both factors significantly enhance performance. Empowering leadership has a positive, significant effect (regression coefficient: 0.386), explaining 16.6% of variance. AQ also shows a positive, significant influence (coefficient: 0.321), contributing 10.3%. Together, they account for 30.6% of performance variance (F-value: 20.138), demonstrating a substantial combined impact. The novelty lies in concurrently investigating the synergy between a specific leadership style (empowering) and a psychological resilience construct AQ within an Indonesian elementary school context. A key practical implication is that school administrators should implement leadership training focused on empowerment while fostering programs to build teacher resilience, as their combination optimally boosts performance. The study contributes an empirically validated model highlighting that both external leadership support and internal psychological capacity are critical, interdependent levers for improving educational outcomes.
References
Aditama, R. A. (2020). Introduction to Management. Ae Publishing.
Ajepri, F., Vienti, O., & Rusmiyati, R. (2022). Principal’s strategy in improving teacher performance. Mindset: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 130-149. https://doi.org/10.58561/mindset.v1i2.53
Akbar Yapi, M. (2023). The Influence of Work Ethic on Teacher Performance through Adversity Quotient as a Mediator Variable in State High School 10 Jambi City (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Jambi). https://repository.unja.ac.id/54776/
Amaliah, A., & Wardani, L. M. I. (2021). Psychological capital, psychological empowerment, dan employee well-being. NEM.
Amanda, S., & Salim, A. (2024). The Influence of Empowering Leadership, Work Motivation on the Resilience of Honorary Teachers. Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia, 5(12). https://doi.org/10.59141/japendi.v5i12.6416
Aulia, A. M. (2024). Overview of Adversity Quotient in Teachers Teaching in Remote Areas (A Case Study) (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung Semarang). http://repository.unissula.ac.id/id/eprint/34334
Balanza, A. A., Tuscano, J. L., & Natividad, A. C. A. (2023). Rising Above Adversities: Basis for a Resilience Training Program for Senior High School Students of Tanza.
Boli, B., Tanasa, N., & Tan, T. (2023). The role of empowering leadership in organizational citizenship behaviour and teacher job performance. Journal of Accounting, Management, Economics, and Business (ANALYSIS), 1(3), 192-208. https://doi.org/10.56855/analysis.v1i3.328
Ceriputri, W. K. A., Rini, A. P., & Saragih, S. (2023). Adversity Quotient: What Is the Role of Self Efficacy, and, Transformational Leadership. JIWA: Jurnal Psikologi Indonesia, 1(2).
Damayanti, Y. (2021). The Effect of Empowering Leadership on Teacher Performance with Psychological Empowerment as a Mediation Variable. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, 9(3), 907-919.
Darling-Hammond, L., Wechsler, M. E., Levin, S., & Tozer, S. (2022). Developing Effective Principals: What Kind of Learning Matters?. Learning Policy Institute. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED620192
Dewantari, A. G., & Soetjiningsih, C. H. (2022). Adversity quotient and anxiety facing the world of work in final year students. Psikoborneo: Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi, 10(3), 629.
Efendi, N., & Sholeh, M. I. (2023). Education management in improving the quality of learning. Academicus: Journal of Teaching and Learning, 2(2), 68-85. https://doi.org/10.59373/academicus.v2i2.25
Fitriyani, N. A. W. (2025). The Effect of Empowering Leadership and Self-Efficacy on the Performance of Public Elementary School Teachers in Mesuji Makmur District, Ogan Komering Ilir Regency (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas PGRI Palembang). http://eprints.univpgri-palembang.ac.id/2034/
Hidayah, N., Ahyar, A., & Saparudin, S. (2024). Implementation of the Reward System in Improving Teacher Performance. Jambura Journal of Educational Management, 397–420. https://ejournal-fip-ung.ac.id/ojs/index.php/JJEM/article/view/3142
Janiarta, I. W. (2022). The Contribution of Adversity Quotient (AQ), Work Ethic and Organizational Culture to Teacher Performance at SMA Negeri 2 Semarapura in the Even Semester of the 2021/2022 Academic Year. Daiwi Widya, 9(1), 143–162. https://doi.org/10.37637/dw.v9i1.1014
Kusumaningrum, H., Chaerany, C., Kholisah, T. A., & Cahyani, R. (2024). Teacher Performance as a Strategic Aspect in Educational Human Resources Management. Journal Education and Government Wiyata, 2(2), 105–125. https://doi.org/10.71128/e-gov.v2i2.85
Nurhasanah, N. (2024). The Influence of Academic Supervision and Resilience of School Principals on the Performance of State Elementary School Teachers in Seberang Ulu 1 Palembang District. Universitas PGRI Palembang. http://eprints.univpgri-palembang.ac.id/1990/
Praptiwi, C. R. (2025). The Influence of Empowering Leadership and Self Efficacy on Teacher Performance in Public Elementary Schools in Lubuk Besar District. Universitas PGRI Palembang. http://eprints.univpgri-palembang.ac.id/2058/
Puriani, R. A., & Dewi, R. S. (2021). Concept of adversity & problem solving skills. Bening Media Publishing.
Rahmawati, D. S. (2023). The Effect of Adversity Quotient and Spiritual Quotient on Teacher Performance at Al-Azhar Islamic Elementary School 55 Yogyakarta. https://dspace.uii.ac.id/handle/123456789/43104
Rivai, A. (2021). The Influence of Supervision, Discipline and Motivation on Teacher Performance. Maneggio: Jurnal Ilmiah Magister Manajemen, 4(1), 11–22. https://jurnal.umsu.ac.id/index.php/MANEGGIO/article/view/6715
Saputra, S. R. O. (2021). The Role of Resilience to Human Resource Performance Based on Emotional Intelligence and Spiritual Intelligence. Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (Indonesia). https://www.proquest.com/openview/879951ddce5aba3dea4e1dea6be4aec0/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=2026366&diss=y
Setyorini, T., Lian, B., & Juliansyah, M. (2023). The Influence of Principal Participatory Leadership and Empowerment on Teacher Performance at SMA Negeri 21 Palembang. Journal of Administration and Educational Management (ALIGNMENT), 6(2), 425-436. https://journal.ipm2kpe.or.id/index.php/ALIGNMENT/article/view/5692
Stoltz, P. G. (2000). Adversity Quotient. Grasindo.
Sugiyono. (2022). Quantitative, Qualitative, and R&D Research Methods. Alfabeta.
Zhang, Z., Ni, G., Lin, H., Li, Z., & Zhou, Z. (2023). Linking empowering leadership to work-related well-being and project citizenship behavior in the construction context: a self-determination perspective. International Journal of Managing Projects in Business, 16(2), 232–257. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJMPB-10-2021-0288
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Thoibah Thoibah, Dessy Wardiah, Andi Rahman
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
