The Effect of Perceived Organizational Support on Job Satisfaction in Nurses through Work-Family Conflict as a Mediator Variable
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52690/jswse.v6i1.1063Keywords:
Job Satisfaction, Organizational Support, Work-Family ConflictAbstract
This study aims to analyze the influence of perceived organizational support (POS) on nurses’ job satisfaction with work-family conflict (WFC) as a mediator variable. Perceived organizational support (POS) is employees’ perception of the extent to which the organization cares about their well-being. Work-family conflict (WFC) refers to the tension that arises due to an imbalance between work demands and family responsibilities, which can affect job satisfaction. This study uses a quantitative approach with a path analysis method to test the relationship between variables. The results of the analysis showed that POS had a significant effect on WFC with a t-statistical value of 22.033 (>1.96) and a p-value of 0.000 (<0.05), so the first hypothesis was accepted. Furthermore, WFC was shown to have an effect on job satisfaction with a t-statistical value of 10.248 (> 1.96) and a p-value of 0.000 (< 0.05), supporting the second hypothesis. POS also had a direct effect on job satisfaction with a t-statistical value of 3.041 (> 1.96) and a p-value of 0.002 (< 0.05), so that the third hypothesis was accepted. In addition, WFC acts as a mediator in the relationship between POS and job satisfaction, which is shown by a t-statistical value of 3.092 (> 1.96) and a p-value of 0.002 (< 0.05), supporting the fourth hypothesis. The results of this study show that perceived organizational support not only has a direct influence on job satisfaction, but also indirectly through the reduction of work-family conflicts. These findings underscore the importance of creating a supportive work environment to improve nurses’ job satisfaction while reducing conflict between work and family.
References
Abou Hashish, E. A. (2017). Relationship between ethical work climate and nurses’ perception of organizational support, commitment, job satisfaction and turnover intent. Nursing Ethics, 24(2), 151–166. https://doi.org/10.1177/0969733015594667
Afrilia, L. D., & Utami, H. N. (2018). The Influence of Work Family Conflict on Job Satisfaction and Performance (Study on Female Employees of Permata Bunda Hospital Malang)). Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis, 55(2), 48–52.
Akkoca, Y. (2023). The Mediation of Job Satisfaction Between Perceived Organizational Support and Organizational Commitment. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 9(1), 350–362. https://doi.org/10.31592/aeusbed.1105200
Al-Hammouri, M. M., & Rababah, J. A. (2023). Work family conflict, family work conflicts and work-related quality of life: The effect of rotating versus fixed shifts. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 32(15–16), 4887–4893. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.16581
Alcover, C., Chambel, M. J., Fernández, J. J., & Rodríguez, F. (2018). Perceived organizational support‐burnout‐satisfaction relationship in workers with disabilities: The moderation of family support. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 59(4), 451–461.
Allen, T. D., Johnson, R. C., Kiburz, K. M., & Shockley, K. M. (2013). Work–family conflict and flexible work arrangements: Deconstructing flexibility. Personnel Psychology, 66(2), 345–376. https://doi.org/10.1111/peps.12012
Amanda, A. S., & Mujiasih, E. (2017). The Relationship Between Work-Family Conflict and Job Satisfaction in Female Nurses Who Are Married at Private Hospital X, Semarang City. Jurnal EMPATI, 6(4), 163–168. https://doi.org/10.14710/empati.2017.20024
Amstad, F. T., Meier, L. L., Fasel, U., Elfering, A., & Semmer, N. K. (2011). A meta-analysis of work-family conflict and various outcomes with a special emphasis on cross-domain versus matching-domain relations. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 16(2), 151–169. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0022170
Anggraeni, M., & Wahyuni, Z. I. (2019). The Influence of Job Demands, Husband’s Social Support, and Demographic Factors on Work-Family Conflict of Married Female Bank Employees. Humanitas (Jurnal Psikologi), 3(3), 227–244. https://doi.org/10.28932/humanitas.v3i3.2270
Apperson, M., Schmidt, H., Moore, S., Grunberg, L., & Greenberg, E. (2002). Women Managers and the Experience Of Work-Family Conflict. American Journal of Undergraduate Research, 1(3). https://doi.org/10.33697/ajur.2002.020
Armstrong, G. S., Atkin-Plunk, C. A., & Wells, J. (2015). The relationship between work–family conflict, correctional officer job stress, and job satisfaction. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 42(10), 1066–1082.
Aryee, S., Fields, D., & Luk, V. (1999). A cross-cultural test of a model of the work–family interface. Journal of Management, 25(4), 491–511. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639902500402
Avey, J. B., Luthans, F., & Jensen, S. M. (2009). Psychological capital: A positive resource for combating employee stress and turnover. Human Resource Management, 48(5), 677–693. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.20294
Avey, J. B., Luthans, F., Smith, R. M., & Palmer, N. F. (2010). Impact of positive psychological capital on employee well-being over time. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 15(1), 17–28. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0016998
Aydogmus, C., Camgoz, S. M., Ergeneli, A., & Ekmekci, O. T. (2018). Perceptions of transformational leadership and job satisfaction: The roles of personality traits and psychological empowerment. Journal of Management & Organization, 24(1), 81–107. https://doi.org/10.1017/jmo.2016.59
Biswas, S., & Bhatnagar, J. (2013). Mediator Analysis of Employee Engagement: Role of Perceived Organizational Support, P-O Fit, Organizational Commitment and Job Satisfaction. Vikalpa, 38(1), 27–40. https://doi.org/10.1177/0256090920130103
Buonocore, F., & Russo, M. (2013). Reducing the effects of work–family conflict on job satisfaction: The kind of commitment matters. Human Resource Management Journal, 23(1), 91–108. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-8583.2011.00187.x
Carvalho, A. C., Riana, I. ., & Soares, A. C. (2020). Work Motivation, Job Satisfaction and Employee Performance. International Research Journal of Management, IT & Social Sciences, 7(5), 13–23. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21744/irjmis.v7n5.960 Motiva
Casper, W. J., Martin, J. A., Buffardi, L. C., & Erdwins, C. J. (2002). Work-family conflict, perceived organizational support, and organizational commitment among employed mothers. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 7(2), 99–108. https://doi.org/10.1037//1076-8998.7.2.99
Chen, I.-H., Brown, R., Bowers, B. J., & Chang, W.-Y. (2015). Work-to-family conflict as a mediator of the relationship between job satisfaction and turnover intention. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 71(10), 2350–2363. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.12706
Claudia, M. (2018). The Influence Of Perceived Organizational Support, Job Satisfaction And Organizational Commitment Toward Organizational Citizenship Behavior (A Study of the Permanent Lecturers at University of Lambung Mangkurat, Banjarmasin). Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business, 33(1), 23. https://doi.org/10.22146/jieb.17761
Conway, E. (2015). Perceived Organizational Support. In Wiley Encyclopedia of Management (pp. 1–2). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118785317.weom110285
Dhir, S., Dutta, T., & Ghosh, P. (2020). Linking employee loyalty with job satisfaction using PLS–SEM modelling. Personnel Review, 49(8), 1695–1711. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-03-2019-0107
Dierdorff, E. C., & Ellington, J. K. (2008). It’s the nature of the work: Examining behavior-based sources of work-family conflict across occupations. In Journal of Applied Psychology (Vol. 93, Issue 4, pp. 883–892). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.93.4.883
Dixon, M. A., & Sagas, M. (2013). The Relationship Between Organizational Support, Work-Family Conflict, and the Job-Life Satisfaction of University Coaches. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 78(3), 236–247. https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2007.10599421
Eby, L. T., Casper, W. J., Lockwood, A., Bordeaux, C., & Brinley, A. (2005). Work and family research in IO/OB: Content analysis and review of the literature (1980-2002). Journal of Vocational Behavior, 66(1), 124–197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2003.11.003
Eisenberger, R., Armeli, S., Rexwinkel, B., Lynch, P. D., & Rhoades, L. (2001). Reciprocation of perceived organizational support. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(1), 42–51. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.86.1.42
Enns, C. L., & Sawatzky, J.-A. V. (2016). Emergency Nurses’ Perspectives: Factors Affecting Caring. Journal of Emergency Nursing, 42(3), 240–245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jen.2015.12.003
Farquharson, B., Allan, J., Johnston, D., Johnston, M., Choudhary, C., & Jones, M. (2012). Stress amongst nurses working in a healthcare telephone-advice service: relationship with job satisfaction, intention to leave, sickness absence, and performance. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 68(7), 1624–1635. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2012.06006.x
Fei, Y., Jiang, N., Zhao, H., Zhang, F., Fu, W., & Yin, X. (2023). How work-family conflict influences emergency department nurses’ turnover intention: The mediating role of positive and negative affect. International Emergency Nursing, 68, 101289. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ienj.2023.101289
Fox, M. F., Fonseca, C., & Bao, J. (2011). Work and family conflict in academic science: Patterns and predictors among women and men in research universities. Social Studies of Science, 41(5), 715–735. https://doi.org/10.1177/0306312711417730
Frone, M. R., Russell, M., & Cooper, M. L. (1992). Antecedents and outcomes of work-family conflict: testing a model of the work-family interface. The Journal of Applied Psychology, 77(1), 65–78. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.77.1.65
Frone, M. R., Yardley, J. K., & Markel, K. S. (1997). Developing and testing an integrative model of the work–family interface. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 50(2), 145–167. https://doi.org/10.1006/jvbe.1996.1577
Grzywacz, J. G., Frone, M. R., Brewer, C. S., & Kovner, C. T. (2006). Quantifying work-family conflict among registered nurses. Research in Nursing & Health, 29(5), 414–426. https://doi.org/10.1002/nur.20133
Haar, J. M. (2013). Testing a new measure of work–life balance: a study of parent and non-parent employees from New Zealand. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 24(17), 3305–3324. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2013.775175
Harjianto, M. A. (2019). The Influence of Job Involvement, Work-Family Conflict and Job Stress on Job Satisfaction of Female Hospital Employees. Jurnal Riset Manajemen Dan Akuntansi, 7(1), 33–43.
Hayati, M., & Armida, A. (2020). Pengaruh Work-family Conflict dan Stres Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Perawat Wanita. Jurnal Ecogen, 3(3), 410. https://doi.org/10.24036/jmpe.v3i3.9917
Higgins, C., Duxbury, L., & Julien, M. (2014). The relationship between work arrangements and work-family conflict. Work (Reading, Mass.), 48. https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-141859
Hochwarker, & Wayne, A. (2003). Emotional and physiological processes and positive intervention strategies (1st ed.). JAI.
Jex, S. M. (1998). Stress and job performance: Theory, research, and implications for managerial practice. Sage Publications Ltd.
Kalliath, P., & Kalliath, T. (2014). Work-Family Conflict: Coping Strategies Adopted by Social Workers. Journal of Social Work Practice, 28(1), 111–126. https://doi.org/10.1080/02650533.2013.828278
Karambut, C. ., & Noormijati, E. A. . (2012). Analysis of the influence of emotional intelligence, work stress and job satisfaction on organizational commitment (study on inpatient unit nurses at Panti Waluya Hospital, Malang). Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, 10(3), 655–668.
Kelly, A. C., & Carter, J. C. (2014). Eating disorder subtypes differ in their rates of psychosocial improvement over treatment. Journal of Eating Disorders, 2, 2.
Kementerian Kesehatan. (2023). There were 1.26 Million Health Workers in Indonesia at the Beginning of the Year 2023.
Killien, M. G. (2004). Nurses’ health: work and family influences. Nursing Clinics of North America, 39(1), 19–35. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cnur.2003.11.002
Kim, A., & Mor Barak, M. E. (2015). The mediating roles of leader–member exchange and perceived organizational support in the role stress–turnover intention relationship among child welfare workers: A longitudinal analysis. Children and Youth Services Review, 52, 135–143. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2014.11.009
Kurnia, D. N. (2016). The Effect Of Work Family Conflict And Work Stress On Employee Job Satisfaction At PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk Wonosobo Branch.
Kurtessis, J. N., Eisenberger, R., Ford, M. T., Buffardi, L. C., Stewart, K. A., & Adis, C. S. (2015). Perceived Organizational Support: A Meta-Analytic Evaluation of Organizational Support Theory. Journal of Management, 43(6), 1854–1884. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206315575554
Lamm, E., Tosti-Kharas, J., & King, C. E. (2015). Empowering employee sustainability: Perceived organizational support toward the environment. Journal of Business Ethics, 128(1), 207–220. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-014-2093-z
Laning, I. C., Atmadji, G., & S, L. V. H. (2019). Calyptra: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Universitas Surabaya Vol.7 No.2 (2019). 7(2), 1911–1919.
Larson, M., & Luthans, F. (2006). Potential Added Value of Psychological Capital in Predicting Work Attitudes. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 13(2), 75–92. https://doi.org/10.1177/10717919070130020601
Liu, Y., Aungsuroch, Y., & Yunibhand, J. (2016). Job satisfaction in nursing: a concept analysis study. International Nursing Review, 63(1), 84–91. https://doi.org/10.1111/inr.12215
Lu, H., Zhao, Y., & While, A. (2019). Job satisfaction among hospital nurses: A literature review. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2019.01.011
Lu, Y., Hu, X.-M., Huang, X.-L., Zhuang, X.-D., Guo, P., Feng, L.-F., Hu, W., Chen, L., Zou, H., & Hao, Y.-T. (2017). The relationship between job satisfaction, work stress, work-family conflict, and turnover intention among physicians in Guangdong, China: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open, 7(5), e014894. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014894
Luthans, F., Avolio, B. J., Avey, J. B., & Norman, S. M. (2007). Positive Pychological Capital : Measurement and Relationship With Performance and Satisfaction. Personnel Psychology, 60(3), 541–572. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2007.00083.x
Maan, A. T., Abid, G., Butt, T. H., Ashfaq, F., & Ahmed, S. (2020). Perceived organizational support and job satisfaction: a moderated mediation model of proactive personality and psychological empowerment. Future Business Journal, 6(1), 21. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43093-020-00027-8
Mansour, S., & Tremblay, D.-G. (2018). Work–family conflict/family–work conflict, job stress, burnout and intention to leave in the hotel industry in Quebec (Canada): Moderating role of need for family friendly practices as “resource passageways”. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 29(16), 2399–2430. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2016.1239216
Mauno, S., & Ruokolainen, M. (2015). Does Organizational Work–Family Support Benefit Temporary and Permanent Employees Equally in a Work–Family Conflict Situation in Relation to Job Satisfaction and Emotional Energy at Work and at Home? Journal of Family Issues, 38(1), 124–148. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192513X15600729
McCarthy, A., Cleveland, J. N., Hunter, S., Darcy, C., & Grady, G. (2013). Employee work–life balance outcomes in Ireland: A multilevel investigation of supervisory support and perceived organizational support. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 24(6), 1257–1276. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2012.709189
Mohammad, S., Miguet, M., Rukh, G., Schiöth, H. B., & Mwinyi, J. (2023). Job satisfaction and job tenure of people with mental health disorders: a UK Biobank cohort study. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, 51(8), 1248–1257. https://doi.org/10.1177/14034948221119639
Mulyaningsih, S. A., & Tanuwijaya, J. (2023). Pengaruh Job Stress, Perceived Organizational Support, Work Family Conflict Terhadap Turnover Intention Pada Pt Xyz. Jesya, 6(2), 1546–1561. https://doi.org/10.36778/jesya.v6i2.1066
Muzakki, M., & Heryyanto, A. (2022). Perceived Organizational Support, Work-Family Conflict, and Job Satisfaction: a Serial Mediation Model. Media Mahardhika, 21(1), 115–127. https://doi.org/10.29062/mahardika.v21i1.527
Natalin, M., & Satrya, A. (2021). The Influence of Work-Family Conflict and Perceived Organizational Support on Turnover Intention through Mediation Emotional Exhaustion on Indonesian Garment Workers. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.14-9-2020.2304602
Netemeyer, R. G., Boles, J. S., & McMurrian, R. C. (1996). Development and validation of work–family conflict and family–work conflict scales. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81, 400–410.
Nohe, C., Meier, L. L., Sonntag, K., & Michel, A. (2015). The chicken or the egg? A meta-analysis of panel studies of the relationship between work-family conflict and strain. The Journal of Applied Psychology, 100(2), 522–536. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0038012
Nursalam, M. K. (2002). Aplikasi dalam Praktik Keperawatan Profesional. Salemba Medika.
Pahlevan Sharif, S., Ahadzadeh, A. S., & Sharif Nia, H. (2018). Mediating role of psychological well-being in the relationship between organizational support and nurses’ outcomes: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 74(4), 887–899. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.13501
Pietromonaco, P. R., Manis, J., & Frohardt-Lane, K. (1986). Psychological consequences of multiple social roles. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 10(4), 373–381. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.1986.tb00762.x
Podsakoff, N. P., LePine, J. A., & LePine, M. A. (2007). Differential challenge stressor-hindrance stressor relationships with job attitudes, turnover intentions, turnover, and withdrawal behavior: a meta-analysis. The Journal of Applied Psychology, 92(2), 438–454. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.92.2.438
Putra, M. E. N., Moeins, A., & Kasmir, K. (2019). The Effect Of Organizational Support And Work Attitude Towards Employee Work Productivity At Pt. Prima Utama. Magma: JURNAL MAGISTER MANAJEMEN, 4(1).
Rhoades, L., & Eisenberger, R. (2002). Perceived organizational support: a review of the literature. The Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(4), 698–714. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.87.4.698
Riggio, R. E. (2015). Introduction to industrial and organizational psychology. Routledge.
Sahrah, A. (2017). Burnout Female Nurses Reviewed from Organizational Climate. Psycho Idea, 15(2), 88–97.
Sari, N. K. (2019). The Influence of Perception of Organizational Support and Organizational Justice on Job Satisfaction. 7(1), 120–128.
Septiani, M., & Wijono, S. (2022). Perceived Organizational Support (Pos) With Job Satisfaction During the Covid-19 Pandemic. Psikoborneo: Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi, 10(3), 538. https://doi.org/10.30872/psikoborneo.v10i3.8484
Shacklock, K., & Brunetto, Y. (2012). The intention to continue nursing: work variables affecting three nurse generations in Australia. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 68(1), 36–46. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2011.05709.x
Simatupang, M. F., & Salendu, A. (2019). Perception of Organizational Support as a Mediator Between Organizational Justice and Employee Job Satisfaction at PT ABC. Jurnal Diversita, 5(2), 95–104. https://doi.org/10.31289/diversita.v5i2.2696
Spector, P. (1997). Job Satisfaction: Application, Assessment, Causes, and Consequences. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452231549
Stamper, C. L., & Johlke, M. C. (2003). The Impact of Perceived Organizational Support on the Relationship Between Boundary Spanner Role Stress and Work Outcomes. Journal of Management, 29(4), 569–588. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0149-2063_03_00025-4
Sugiyono. (2022). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D.
Suresh, S., & Kodikal, R. (2017). SEM approach to explore Work Life Balance: A study among nurses of Multispecialty Hospitals. Sahyadri Journal of Management, 1(1), 1–17.
Syani, R. S., Tentama, F., Diponegoro, A. M., Psikologi, M., Psikologi, F., & Ahmad, U. (2021). Validity and Reliability of the Teacher Job Satisfaction Scale Construct. Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengukuran Psikologi, 10(2), 91–99.
Tayfur Ekmekci, O., Xhako, D., & Metin Camgoz, S. (2021). The Buffering Effect of Perceived Organizational Support on the Relationships Among Workload, Work-Family Interference, and Affective Commitment: A Study on Nurses. The Journal of Nursing Research : JNR, 29(2), e140. https://doi.org/10.1097/JNR.0000000000000419
Wattoo, M. A., Zhao, S., & Xi, M. (2018). Perceived organizational support and employee well-being. Chinese Management Studies, 12(2), 469–484. https://doi.org/10.1108/CMS-07-2017-0211
Yasin, Y. M., Kerr, M. S., Wong, C. A., & Bélanger, C. H. (2020). Factors affecting nurses’ job satisfaction in rural and urban acute care settings: A PRISMA systematic review. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 76(4), 963–979. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.14293
Yunita, M. M. (2020). Relationship of Psychological Capital and Happiness in Early Adult Women That Have Multiple Roles Conflict. 439(Ticash 2019), 254–258. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200515.044
Zakiah, N., Nurrizka, R. H., Nurdiantami, Y., & Hardy, F. R. (2020). Relationship between Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment of Nurses at Prikasih Hospital, Jakarta. Jurnal Kedokteran Dan Kesehatan, 16(1), 55. https://doi.org/10.24853/jkk.16.1.55-67
Zandian, H., Sharghi, A., & Moghadam, T. Z. (2020). Quality of work life and work-family conflict: a cross-sectional study among nurses in teaching hospitals. Nursing Management (Harrow, London, England : 1994). https://doi.org/10.7748/nm.2020.e1881
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Dara Ardiani, Suryani Hardjo, Kaiman Turnip

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.






